ANCIENT GOD IDOLS Murti (Sanskrit: मूर्ति, IAST: Mūrti; literally any form, embodiment or solid object)[1] is a general term for an image, statue or idol of a deity or person in Indian culture.[2] In Hindu temples, it is a symbolic icon. A Murti is itself not the god in Hinduism,[3] but it is a shape, embodiment or manifestation of a deity.[4] Murtis are also found in some nontheistic Jainism traditions, where they serve as symbols of revered persons inside Jain temples, and are worshipped in Murtipujaka rituals.[5][6] A Murti is typically made by carving stone, wood working, metal casting or through pottery. Ancient era texts describing their proper proportions, positions and gestures include the Puranas, Agamas and Samhitas.[7] The expressions in a Murti vary in diverse Hindu traditions, ranging from Ugra symbolism to express destruction, fear and violence (Durga, Kali), as well as Saumya symbolism to express joy, knowledge and harmony (Saraswati, Lakshmi). Saumya images are most common in Hindu temples.[8] Other Murti forms found in Hinduism include the Linga.[9] A Murti is an embodiment of the divine, the Ultimate Reality or Brahman to some Hindus.[7] In religious context, they are found in Hindu temples or homes, where they may be treated as a beloved guest and serve as a participant of Puja rituals in Hinduism.[10] In other occasions, it serves as the center of attention in annual festive processions and these are called Utsava Murti.[11] The earliest murtis are mentioned by Pāṇini in 4th century BCE. Prior to that the agnicayana ritual ground seemed to served as a template for the temple.[12]
