Kiran Science and Technology for UPSC, State PSCs and Other Competitive Exams by Gaurav Gunjan Air-262, 2018 – Hindi
CONTENTS
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYIN INDIA…….15-68
Praacheen evan madhyakaal mein vigyan aur praudyogikee……….15
Svatantr bhaarat mein vigyan aur praudyogikee………16
Raashtreey jaiv praudyogikee vikaas rananeeti……….19
Technology vision document………19
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : Panchavarsheey Yojanaen….21
vigyan va praughogikee ke anuprayog evan prabhav……25
(Communication)……26
(Nano Technology)........................ 26
(Bio Technology)............................ 27
Vaigyanik Evan Takaneke Shabdaavale…..28
(Computer).................................................30
Vigyan/Praughogike Ka Manav Jeevan Par Prabhav…..32
Saamaajik—Aarthik Vikaas Mein Vigyaan Evan Praughogikee Kee Bhoomika ….33
Vigyaan Va Praughogikeeh Sansthaagat Dhaancha…….34
Science and technology department…..34
Vigyaan Aur Injeeniyaring Risarch Parishad…..35
Science and technology department…..35
Technology Development Board
Autonomous institute…….40
Prashikshan Aur Kshamata Nirmaan…….43
Bhaarat Mein Vigyan Evan Praudyogikee Ke Vikaas Mein Sansthaon Kee Bhoomika….44
Raksha, Anusandhaan Evan Vikaas Sangathan…..45
Bhaarateey Krshi Evan Anusandhaan Parishad………45
Raashtreey Deree Anusandhaan Sansthaan (NDRI)…..46
Bhaarateey Chikitsa Anusandhaan Parishad……….46
Vaigyaanik Evan Audyogik Anusandhaan Parishad (CSIR)……47
Bhaabha Paramaanu Anusandhaan Kendr (BARC)……..47
Deshaj Roop Se Praudyogikee Vikaas…….47
Raksha Kshetr Meen Aghatan Deshaj Vikaas…..48
Krshi kshetr mein aghatan deshaj vikaas…..51
Svaasthy kshetr mein aghatan deshaj vikaas…..51
Bharat mein nabhikeey oorja kshetr mein aghatan deshaj vikaas….53
Svadeshee takaneek sanrakshan evan vikaas…..53
Trikshetreey Arthatantr Ko Apanaana….53
Ganit Aur Nakshatr Vigyan….54
Praacheen bhaarat mein chikitsa vigyan aayurved aur yog….56
Madhyakaal mein vigyaan…..57
Adhunik Bharat Ke Vaigyanik…….59
Vigyaan Tatha Praudyogikee Ke Kshetr Mein Antararashtrey Sahayog…63
Vigyan Evan Praudyogikee Mahatvaporn Shabdavalee…...66
Space…..69-110
Satellite program of india……..70
Bhoo—Prekshan Upagrah ……71
Sudoor Sanvedee Upagrah ….71
Sevarat Mausam Vigyaneey Upagrah………77
Bhavee Bhoo—Prekshan Mishan….77
Bhoo—Sthaitik Upagrah……79
Bharatey Rashtrey Upagrah……80
Gram Sansadhan Kendr……..83
Bhoo—Sthaitik Kaksha Mein Any Upagrah….84
Svadeshee Jeesait Kaaryakram…..84
Satellite under development…….86
Bharat ka prakshepan yaan karyakram……87
Global Pojishaning System…94
Yorop Ka Gaileliyo…..95
Roos Ka Glonaas….95
Indiyan Nevigeshan System……97
Chandrayaan - 1 project….100
Chandrayaan -2…….101
Aditya L-1…..102
Mangal Abhiyaan…..103
Vividh……….105
Antariksh Ka Shastreekaran…..108
Space commerce……110
Nabhikeey Takanek…….111-132
Bharat Mein Paramanu Oorja Se Sambandhit Aadharabhot Dhancha…..113
Prakrtik Yoreniyam Aur Sanvardhit Yoreniyam…..113
Samasthaanik…….114
Bharatey Anusandhan Riektar…..117
Nabhikey Oorja Karyakram….119
Nabhikey Oorja Karyakram : Pratham Charan…….120
Nabhikey Oorja Karyakram : Dvitey Charan……120
Nabhikey Oorja Karyakram : Tritey Charan……121
Projects under construction…..121
Nabhikey Takanek Evan Anuprayog…….125
Bharat Ka Sainy Kaaryakram…..128
Nabhikey Praudyogikee Ke Khatar…….130
Radio Carbon Dating……132
Jaiv Praudyogikee……133-167
General Introduction…..133
Jaiv—Praudyogikee Kee Takanekee…..139
Jaiv Praudyogikee Vibhag…..143
Paadap Tishoo Kalchar….144
Stem Koshika….145
Bharat Mein Stem Koshika Shodh….147
Bharat Ne Stem Koshika Shodh Par Niyamon Ko Sakht Kiya…..149
Manav Jeenom……149
Sokshm Jeev Jaiv Praudyogikee……154
Jaiv Praudyogikee Aur Samajik Vikas…..156
Cloning……156
Jaiv Praudyogikee Ka Phasal Mein Upayog……157
Bharat mein bee.tee. Kapaas….159
Jaiv Urvarak…….161
Pranee Jaiv Praudyogikee……162
Khaady Jaiv Praudyogikee….162
Bayopayaresee…..166
Sochana Praudyogikee…..168-215
Naino Praudyogikee………216-228
Robotics……..229-238
Pratiraksha…..239-266
Energy……267-279
Health technology…….280-295
Bauddhik Sampada………296-318
Atichaalakata……319-326
Study questions…….327-352
Technology
Science & Technology Institutional and Human Capacity Building
Impact of Technology on Society
Impact on Indian Society
Achievements of Indian in Science and Technology
Indigenization of Technology
EMERGING TECHNOLOGY
Superconductivity
Superconductors
Applications
Low-Temperature Superconductivity
Laser Technology
Types of Laser
Laser Applications
Lasers in the Garment Industry
Lasers in Communication
Heat Treatment
Barcode Scanners
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Challenges in India
3D Printing
4D Printing
Robotics
Nano Tech
BIOTECHNOLOGY AND HEALTH
Definition
Gene Biotechnology
Genomics
Genome Resource Bank
Genome Sequencing Projects
Human Genome Project
Beyond Human Geneome:HAPMAP Project
Genetic Engineering
Recombinant-DNA Technology
Dna Fingerprinting
Genetic Modification
Biotech And Medicine
Pic-Spindle Transfer
Surrogacy
Interdisciplinary Dependency Of Biotechnology
Applications of Biotechnology
Advances In Biotechnology
Human Health and Related Technology
Outbreak
Vaccine
NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY
Types of Nuclear Reactions
Nuclear Power Reactor
Types of Nuclear Reactors
Light Water Reactors
Heavy Water Reactors
Boiling Water Reactor – BWR
Pressurized Water Reactor – PWR
CANDU – Heavy Water Reactor
Gas-cooled Reactor
Advanced Gas-cooled Reactor
Fast Neutron Reactor
Breeder Reactor
Thorium Reactors / Thorium Fuel Cycle
Liquid-Metal, Fast-Breeder Reactor
Advantages of nuclear energy
Disadvantages of nuclear energy
Nuclear Energy in India
Nuclear Power Programme
Indian Research Reactors
Nuclear Power Corporation of India Ltd.
Tokamak and ITER
ENERGY
Current Scenario
Performance of Conventional Generation
Conventional energy
Coal
Petroleum
Diesel
Jet Fuel
Conventional Natural Gas
Compressed Natural Gas or CNG
Liquefied Natural Gas
Liquefied Petroleum Gas
Unconventional Natural Gas
Tight Gas
Shale Gas
Coal Bed Methane (CBM)
Advantages of CBM as a Fuel
Methane Hydrates
Hydrogen
Hydropower
Nuclear Power
Fire Woods
Non-conventional Energy
Wind Energy
Solar Energy
Jawaharlal Nehru Solar Mission
Grid Interactive Rooftop and Small SPV Power Plants
Solar Water Heating System
Off Grid Solar Heater Program
Photovoltaic Cell
Tidal Energy
Energy from Municipal Waste
Small Hydro Power
Bio-Energy or Bio – fuels
Liquid Bio-fuels
Biomass Power and Bagasse
Energy Security in India
Growing Energy Demand
Energy Sector in India
Problems Associated With Energy Security
Renewable and Sustainable Energy
National Clean Energy Fund
Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs)
TELECOMMUNICATION AND IT
Information Technology
Information Technology Industry in India
Applications of Information Technology
Fibre Optics
RFID: Radio-Frequency Identification
FASTag
Big Data
Data Mining and Data Analytics
Crypto Currencies in India:
Bitcoin
Block Chain
Telecommunication Technology
Telecom Technologies
Mobile Technology
Display Technology
Net Neutrality
Current Status of Net Neutrality in India
Zero-rating
E- governance: Indian Perspective
National Digital Communication Policy-2018
Computer Networking
Types of Network
Computer Software
Common Malware Types
Supercomputers
Applications of a Supercomputer
Quantum Computing
Internet: International Network
Cloud Computing
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
3D Printing
4D Printing
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT
Intellectual Property (IP)
Patent
Trademark
Industrial Design
Trade Secret
Geographical Indication (GI)
Copyrights
International Treaties Releted to IPR
Geographical Indications in India
Copyrights in India
Patent in India
TRIPS Plus
New IPR Policy
DEFENCE TECHNOLOGY
Present Situation of Defence Sector In India
Indigenous Development And Import
Indigenous Development
Importance of Defence Indigenisation
Benefits of Defence Indigenization in India
Challenges of Defence Indigenisation in India
Missile Technology
Indian Ballistic Missile Defence Programme
Marine Defence Technology
INS Chakra
Arihant Class Submarine
Shivalik Class Frigate
Delhi Class Destroyers
Kolkata Class Destroyer
Visakhapatnam Class Destroyer
Scorpione Submarine to Carry AIP
INS Vikrant
Radar
SPACE TECHNOLOGY
Astronomy and Space Technology
Universe
Galaxy
Solar System
Space Tech
Types of Satellite Orbits
Launch Vehicles
Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV)
Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle (ASLV)
Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle
Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV)
Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle MK3 (GSLV Mk 3) / LVM3
LVM3-X/CARE Test Flight
Avatar
Reusable Launch Vehicle (RLV)
Satellite Navigation System
United States of America (GPS)
Japan (QZSS)
Russia (GLONASS)
China (BeiDou Navigation Satellite System)
European Union (Galileo)
India (IRNSS)
Remote Sensing
Indian Space Research Programme
Operation Shakti
PSLV-C45
ISRO: Indian Space Research Organisation
Antrix Corporation Limited
Achievements of Indian Space Program
Achievements in Satellite Communication
Achievements in Disaster Managements
Achievements in Satellite Navigation
Achievements in Climate and Environment
Insat: Indian National Satellite
Indian Remote Sensing: IRS
Indian Regional Nevigational Satellite
Moon Mission
Mars Mission
Chandrayaan-2 Mission
Aditya – Solar Mission
Mars and Venus Missions
Manned Space Mission of India
Telescope and Observatory
Space Commerce
International Collaborations
NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR)
NASA and ISRO
Earlier Collaborations Between NASA and ISRO
